Literary+Elements

== [|Picture Link] = Literary Elements =

Point of View

[|Picture Link] __The Catcher in the Rye__ is written in a first person point of view. J.D. Sallinger writes as if he is Holden Caulfield.

Chapter 3 (Page 9 on e-book.)


 * //"I'm the most terrific liar you ever saw in your life. If I'm on the way to the store to buy a magazine, even, and somebody asks me where I'm going, I'm liable to say I'm going to the opera.//"**

=//Conflict// =

//﻿A conflict is a state of fighting or clashing. //

 * ===﻿Protagonist ===
 * Holden Caufield is the protagonist, and all the events in the plot revolve around him. He is a sixteen-year-old boy who has trouble fitting in and finding a place for himself in life. There is nothing heroic about Holden, and he is often considered an anti-hero.


 * ===**Antagonist**===
 * Holden’s antagonist is his inability to fit into society. Throughout the novel, he is pitted against different characters, social situations, educational environments, technology, and the world in general. But Holden is really fighting himself, and until he learns who he is and finds a place for himself in the world, he cannot be at peace.

//**Setting **//
//**﻿A setting is where a story takes place. **// __Page 1__ Mental Hospital __Page 2__ Pencey Prep in Agerstown, Pennsylvania  [|Picture Link]

__Page 59__ New York City  <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">[|Picture Link]

=//<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Tone //=

//<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;">﻿﻿A tone is a writer's attitude toward the material/readers. //
==<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;"><span style="font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;">﻿ ﻿ Judgmental** ==

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Throughout the story Holden judges many people based on what they do and say. Some examples include...
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 16__ "What he did, he started these undertaking parlors all over the country that you could get members of your family buried for about five bucks a piece...He probably just shoves them in a sack and dumps them in a river." <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 27__ "You take a very handsome guy, or a guy that thinks he's a real hot-shot, and they're always asking you to do them a big favor." <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 33__ "You take a guy like Stradlater, they never give your regards to people."

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Cynical**
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Cynicism is the distrust one has for others. Holden is very skeptical of everyone in his life with the exception of his siblings and Jane.** __Page 29__ "He was only flattering me, though, because right away he said, 'Listen. Are ya gonna write that composition for me? I have to know.'"

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Depressed**
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Holden has definitely been depressed since Allie died; it shows in his lack of interest in school among other things.** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 7__ "...there were pills and medicine all over the place and everything smelled like Vicks Nose Drops." <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 7__ "What made it even more depressing, old Spencer had on this very sad, ratty old bathrobe that he was probably born in or something." <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 14__ "'You will, boy. You will when it's too late'...it made me sound dead or something." <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 14__ "He'd be charming as hell and all. Except if some boy had little old funny-looking parents...then old Haas would just shake hands with them and give them a phony smile and then he'd go talk for maybe a half an hour, with somebody else's parents...It drives me crazy. It makes me so depressed I go crazy."

=//<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Theme﻿ //=

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Isolation
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Holden feels isolated from the world yet he isolates himself by hiding his true feelings and opinions.** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 15__ "But I just couldn't hang around there any longer, the way we were on opposite sides of the pole..." <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 22__ "'This is a people shooting hat,' I said. 'I shoot people in this hat.'"

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Hypocracy
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Holden says many things that contradict what he has said previously.** __Page 18__ "I'm quite illiterate, but I read a lot."

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Phoniness
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**A phony is Holden's eyes is someone who goes with the grain. They hide what's really on their mind.** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 14__ "He'd be charming as hell and all. Except if some boyhad little old funny-looking parents...then old Haas would just shake hands with them and give them a phony smile and then he'd go talk for maybe a half an hour, with somebody else's parents." __Page 16__ "I'm the most terrific liar you ever saw in your whole life."

=//<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Symbols //=

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">The Ducks in Central Park
<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">"I'm lucky, though. I mean I could shoot the old bull to old Spencer and think about those ducks at the same time. (Chapter 2, p. 7)"

The ducks at the central park represent Holden's alienation because while Mr. Spencer was talking to him and felt isolated and was thinking about the ducks in the lagoon.

[|Picture Link] ===[|Picture Link 2]=== <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">The worry Holden portrays about the ducks during winter in Central Park shows what's left of his innocence. [|SparkNotes Themes]

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Red Hunting Hat
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">[|Picture Link] <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Holden's red hunting hat represents his uniqueness and his attempt at silently trying to reach out to society.He is afraid to voice his opinions and his hat lets him connect to people. [|Cummings Study Guide Symbols]

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**New York City**
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">New York is a consistently changing city. Holden is also ever-changing just like the city. [|Novel Guide Symbols]

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Catcher in the Rye**
<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Holden tells Phoebe he wants to be the catcher in the rye and save children from falling off a cliff. The field of rye is the innocence of childhood while whatever is beneath the cliff is adulthood. [|SparkNotes Symbols]

=//<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Foreshadowing //=

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Chapter 4
__Page 34__ "I kept thinking about Jane, and about Stradlater having a date with her and all. It made me so nervous I nearly went crazy. I already told you what a sexy bastard he was."

=//<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">﻿Irony //=

//<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;">Irony is when you say something the opposite of how you feel. //
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Holden hates religion but loves Jesus. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">He doesn't like his parents but he doesn't want to disappoint them. He hates people yet wants to connect with them.

=//<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Imagery //=

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 22__ "His teeth were always mossy-looking..."
=//<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Metaphor //=

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace; font-size: 120%;">//**A metaphor is when two unalike things are compared to show resemblance**//.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 2__ "Now he's out in Hollywood, D.B., being a prostitute."
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Chapter 2

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 8__ "Oh...well, about life being a game and all."
====<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 10__ "Then all of a sudden old Spencer looked like he had something very good, something sharp as a tack, to say to me...It was a false alarm, though." ====

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Page 30__ "I landed on him like a goddamn panther."
<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Chapter 5** __Page 37__ "They both laughed like hyenas."